Week 6 DQ's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 6 DQ's - Essay Example Most students from minority schools enroll in low-level colleges because of lack of finances, these schools do not have resources needed for them to complete their college studies like their year mates in high-level colleges, which are mostly the Whites and the Asians who comes out successfully as graduates. The students from the minority end up dropping out from college, a few makes to graduate leading to low graduation rates among these minority groups. Cultural differences have been a contributing factor for the differences in graduation rates between these two groups (Davidson, 2008). The process of carrying out evaluation process is a technical process and requires that an individual be conversant with the cultural issues of the setting he/she is dealing with. The is need for evaluators to have some cultural competences of that setting, such cultural competencies include understanding communication patterns used, practices these communities participate, mode of dressing and mode presenting himself/herself. Lack of these competencies will render evaluation useless since they will not open up. Consulting firms should ensure that both the majority and minority groups are represented. Looking at the composition of both the staff and the students in the school, there were unequal distribution of staff among the races, minority groups had few staff while the majority groups dominates almost all sectors. If cultural biasness is to be minimized and even brought to an end, the authority should ensure that these inequalities are brought to an end. Capacity building in the district schools should be put into consideration during evaluation process. Consulting firms should create position to accommodate all groups; the capacity for each group should be put into consideration (Becker, 2003). Effective learning and acquisition of appropriate skills and experience in students is realized when teachers put

The Evolution of Federalism Essay Example for Free

The Evolution of Federalism Essay Federalism is the current type of government used in the United States. In this system of government, there is distribution of power between central authority or the national government and the local political units. The framers of the United States Constitution decided that a federalist government would work best for the country because it can lead to a stronger and unified government thereby giving focus to the needs of each state and the country as a whole. Every type of government is unique in its own way and each has its own pros and cons. The evolution of a federal type of government has both positive and negative effects. Aside from unifying the government, the local government’s independence results in efficiency due to fast decision-making. The federal system provides convenience to the citizens because they can compare the structure in different states thereby giving them the ultimate decision where they want to live in. A federalist government has a greater chance for progress because their system allows them to strategize and formulate different approaches in their economic and political framework. The existence of a federal government avoids and reduces the risk of authoritarianism (Walker, 2001). There are also several disadvantages of the federal government such as the incoherence or overlapping of several policies among different states and the tendency for unhealthy competition among states due to the difference of governance. For its continued existence, the government needs to formulate a system regardless of the form. No type of government guarantees the success of a nation. At present, different structures of government are being used all throughout the world and by far, the only key to a progressive and successful society lies not in the government itself but the people behind it. References Walker, G. (2001). Ten advantages of a federal constitution. On Line Opinion. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=1265page=3

Essay --

It was a hot summer night in the middle of August, me and my good friends just graduated high school and we had an array of graduation parties to attend. It was ten o’clock and my buddies had been drinking for some time now, we all were having a good time dancing, talking, and reminiscing all the good times we had in high school and all the crazy things we did. My buddy offered me a drink and I figured, why not, were all here with our parents and having a good time. Little did I know, this was a start to a very bad night. By mid night, I wasn’t feeling too hot so I decided to take a break and lay down, not ten minutes after laying down I got up and got sick, and it didn’t happen just once. The next morning I woke up and didn’t know where I was or what happened the night before. What I experienced that night was one of the worst things I have ever experienced in my life. Those are just some of small effects that binge drinking can have on your body. In toda y’s society, drinking has become a big problem. Many people think drinking is a social norm. So drink to have a good time, and some people drink because they can’t help it. Binge drinking refers to a high volume alcohol consumption over a short period of time, and is frequently defined as the consumption of four or more drinks at a single sitting for women, and five or more drinks at a single sitting for men. Binge drinking goes hand in hand with physiological effects. Test have shown that binge drinking may put people at risk of coronary heart disease risk, psychiatric morbidity, and cognitive impairment. Infants that are born to a women that binge drank while pregnant are thought to have behavioral difficulties as they grow up (Lim). Along with the short terms of binge drinkin... ... years, researchers have found that binge drinking has a negative effect of the lung as well. Excessive drinking may cause cell dysfunction within the layer of tissue lining the airway, making it hard to breathe for some people. On many campuses, in many bars, and parties all over the world people are binge drinking. Little do they know that what they are doing in extremely bad for their bodies. Some people don’t think twice about it but people should really be concerned about what they put in their bodies. They are at high risk for injury in the short-term due to behavioral disinhibiting, temporary impairment of judgment, nausea and vomiting, and hangover symptoms. It only gets worst in the long run, there are many different long-term effects that can affect them for the rest of their lives. People should really think twice before they start to have a â€Å"good time.†

Matilda and How She Belongs Essay

The film Matilda is a clear representation of the concept of belonging, the ideas that are conveyed in the film are relevant to belonging by how they are displayed. The ideas of belonging in Matilda are that Matilda doesn’t belong in her family, Matilda finds a sense of familial belonging with Ms Honey, Matilda finds a sense of familial belonging but with classmates and that the catalyst for belonging is the personality of Ms Trunchbull, it creates a sense of unity for the class – giving them a purpose. These ideas of belonging are described by the use of camera angles, tone, quotes and the use of narration. From the start of the film you come to realise that Matilda doesn’t relate or is able to connect to her family. This relates to belonging that Matilda doesn’t belong to her own family she doesn’t connect, this is demonstrated in the quotes â€Å"Are you in this family? † â€Å"Mmmm†¦ â€Å"Hello? † â€Å"Are you in this family? † â€Å"I’m fed up with all this reading! You’re a Wormwood, you start acting like one! Now sit up and look at the TV† this quote is telling us that she loves reading but her family love watching television so the father questions her daughters belonging in this family. Throughout the movie the use of tone and colour with what Matilda and her family wears indicates the separation between her and her family, an example of this is that Matilda wears articulate clothing like the bow in her hair and the violet dresses but her family wear suits and cocktail dresses like those that wear on the television which are superficial that they idealise so much. So there are clear differences between her and her family. Matilda finds a sense of familial belonging with Ms Honey. When Matilda first enters her classroom she gets a strong sense of belonging with her teacher Ms honey, because she is drawn in by her warm kind hearted nature. Matilda finds a sense of belonging through the shine that Ms honey exudes, she also relates to Ms honey and the Choice of clothing is very similar. Matilda and Ms honey have a relatable childhood with them both having a barbaric narrow minded parent/guardian. The catalyst for belonging is the personality of Ms Trunchbull, she creates a sense of tyranny for the class and the school. Her demeanour and insidious punishments for children makes the average school life a living hell, this hatred and ill-behaviour towards the children gives a unity to over throw her. This is demonstrated through particular scenes. The scene where trunchball holds an assembly for Bruce Bogtroter stealing some of her chocolate cake, so she tries to set an example, but that foolishly backfires when the school unites and cheers on Bruce. This scene and the use of uplifting music, the constant repetition of â€Å"Bruce! and that Trunchball gets no response makes her feel powerless and now the children are all working together and that scares Trunchball. So the children strive to get rid of trunchball and it works there by their common goal brought them together. Matilda is a great example of belonging and not-belonging, its ideas about it and how they are represented make it a good piece for my analysis. So the concept of belonging can be found anywhere from simply being different to your family or to strive to see your principal overthrown, so what go you belong or not belong too.

Final Act of the play Essay

Secondly Elizabeth made a sacrifice, and really showed by doing this how much she respects John Proctor as her husband. When it came to the question itself, whether John was a lecher, she waited a while before she came to a final decision as she had no idea what to say, not knowing what her husband had stated before her. Constantly looking for a sign from john across the court having no clue what he had said before her. She was nervous, but was forced to answer the question and make that final decision: She replied faintly ‘No, sir’. This answer really shows the audience how strong her love is for proctor, lying for him to save his life, doing this against her religion, condemning herself to hell however this was a choice between either her husband or her religion and chosen her husband shows how strongly she feels about him. From what she believed he had lied to but they were both court out.  Act Four is considered to be a very emotional scene and is really shown by Miller himself. The events which occur in this scene are considered gruesome and drastic and have various reactions from different characters, but mainly Elizabeth and John’s relationship and how it dramatically changes and gradually pulls together in the final Act of the play. The day in which act four starts Elizabeth is aware John is going to be hanged, and clearly states that no emotion is shown towards him, especially when talking to Dan forth about it before speaking to proctor himself. She shows this coldness, relating back to the first two scenes and makes it seem as though she’s not going to let them win against her, making it very hard for her as really underneath she knows in fact her husband is about to die before her very own eyes and there’s nothing she can do to save him, and she wants to follow what she think john would have wanted her to do for him or if he were in her shoes. Having Elizabeth and Proctor apart from each other for a period of time whilst she was taken to Salem must be hard for them as they both haven’t as of yet spoken at all to each other about what has happened. This proves to the audience there a large amount of emotion between them both which a real change from Act two were emotion between them was very low and Elizabeth’s thoughts toward Proctor weren’t anything to what they are now. Miller really uses this scene to stun the audience when seeing the couple starring into each others eyes with such needed love and emotion really showing how there relationship is some what different to before. The first thing that is stated when the conversation begins with john is ‘the child’ which straight away takes us back to the first conversation they had in act two were the general talk was about there children. The conversation continues but sentences and phrases are very short, showing a real awkward atmosphere between them which is acceptable seeing as though they haven’t spoken or even seen each other in so long. The conversation carries on and they begin to open up to each other, there speech becoming longer and idea’s coming out, such as whether john should now confess or not? Finally there reaches a point were they are coming to terms with the truth and Elizabeth and john except the fact they have ‘known each other’ deeply and that fact he can end his life knowing she was always there to support him. This is were Act four is drawing to an end, were john lifts Elizabeth and kisses her with great passion which clearly states there relationship has come together, and changed so much from act two were john kissing Elizabeth was seen as such disappointment to her but no such a romantic and emotional moment. However its not just Elizabeth feeling this passion, they both share such moment together, letting the audience really no what they both want. After this passionate moment takes place, john is taken off the scene to be hanged, and Elizabeth is there to say her last few words to support her husband’s tragic death. Elizabeth seems glad he can finally be at peace as before his life seemed always troubled and never settled. He only really had one fault that he had made in his life and that was the affair with Abigail, and from she believed was that it was because of her, this shows her true feelings for there relationship and faulting herself makes her feel that little bit better. Throughout the whole play Author Miller presents the couple in many different ways, changing the way there relationship occurs in each scene, taking both different personalities into perspective. From act two were the relationship between them both was extremely tense and uncomfortable at times around each other, but progressively throughout the play, even when times got really tough there relationship seemed to get stronger and closer, showing that when times got tough they were actually there when they needed somebody to be with them and help the through it, this really shows how all along the couple have never fallen out of love and have always had such deep feelings for each other and meant for each other and this can especially be seen in act four when there relationship had to end due to the death of john Proctor.

Free Essays on Immigration And Cultural Unity

The first move stopping immigration decided by Congress was a law in 1862 restricting American vessels to transport Chinese immigrants to the U.S. The Alien Contract Labor Laws of 1885, 1887, 1888, and 1891 restricted the immigration to the U.S. of people entering the country to work under contracts made before their arrival. Alien skilled laborers, under these laws, were allowed to enter the U.S. to work in new industries. By this time anti-immigrant felling rose with the flood of immigrants and in this period the anti-Catholic, anti-foreign political party the Know-Nothings, was already born. After World War I a marked increase in racism and the growth of isolationist sentiment in the U.S. led to demands for further tight legislation. In 1921 a congressional act provided for a quota system for immigrants, which the number of aliens of any nationality admitted to the U.S. in a year could not exceed 3 percent of the number of foreign-born residents of that nationality living in the U.S. in 1910. This law applied to nations of Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Asian Russia, and certain islands in the Atlantic and Pacific. In the 1980s concern about the surge of illegal aliens into the U.S. has led Congress to pass legislation aimed at cutting illegal immigration. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 allows most illegal aliens who have resided in the U.S. regularly since January 1, 1982, to apply for legal status. Also, the law prohibits employers from hiring illegal aliens and mandates penalties for violations. Debate over immigration and immigration policy is not new to The nation's history. From time to time, Congress jarred legislation To control the flow of immigration. As immigration rises and hatred Grows more laws will be implemented trying to release some of the Pressure. Illegal immigration has some pros and cons. I will discus... Free Essays on Immigration And Cultural Unity Free Essays on Immigration And Cultural Unity The first move stopping immigration decided by Congress was a law in 1862 restricting American vessels to transport Chinese immigrants to the U.S. The Alien Contract Labor Laws of 1885, 1887, 1888, and 1891 restricted the immigration to the U.S. of people entering the country to work under contracts made before their arrival. Alien skilled laborers, under these laws, were allowed to enter the U.S. to work in new industries. By this time anti-immigrant felling rose with the flood of immigrants and in this period the anti-Catholic, anti-foreign political party the Know-Nothings, was already born. After World War I a marked increase in racism and the growth of isolationist sentiment in the U.S. led to demands for further tight legislation. In 1921 a congressional act provided for a quota system for immigrants, which the number of aliens of any nationality admitted to the U.S. in a year could not exceed 3 percent of the number of foreign-born residents of that nationality living in the U.S. in 1910. This law applied to nations of Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Asian Russia, and certain islands in the Atlantic and Pacific. In the 1980s concern about the surge of illegal aliens into the U.S. has led Congress to pass legislation aimed at cutting illegal immigration. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 allows most illegal aliens who have resided in the U.S. regularly since January 1, 1982, to apply for legal status. Also, the law prohibits employers from hiring illegal aliens and mandates penalties for violations. Debate over immigration and immigration policy is not new to The nation's history. From time to time, Congress jarred legislation To control the flow of immigration. As immigration rises and hatred Grows more laws will be implemented trying to release some of the Pressure. Illegal immigration has some pros and cons. I will discus...

New Media portrays African Americans in positive light more than Old Media Essays

New Media portrays African Americans in positive light more than Old Media Essays New Media portrays African Americans in positive light more than Old Media Essay New Media portrays African Americans in positive light more than Old Media Essay Essay Topic: Light in August 5.5 Conclusion The study yields five holistic findings that inform the accomplishment of the objectives of the study. First, that New Media portrays African Americans in positive light more than Old Media. However, both New and Old Media record more instances of positive reporting on African American males. Nonetheless, Old Media has a higher tendency of reporting negatively about African American men. Secondly, the implications of the negative portrayals of African Americans by the media has had the effect of increasing police brutality and use of force against African American male suspects of crime. The far reaching implications of negative perceptions of African Americans has been that increased patrols by law enforcement in predominantly African American neighbourhoods has led to high incarceration rates in such neighbourhoods. Hence, with record high number of males with criminal records, African American men are locked out of various legitimate opportunities of etching a decent living. Conse quently, young men of Black American descent largely fall back to crime as their only means for survival. The composition of Traditional Media ownership and management is predominantly composed of White Americans who set the agenda on news reporting. The result has been that lack of African American people in leadership positions of such Media houses has led to gross misrepresentation of African American interests and by extension, the misrepresentation of African American men at large. On the other hand, the lack of censorship and editing in many New Media platforms has allowed for free expression of opinion and ideology which accounts for much of the positive representation of African American men in New Media platforms. Ultimately, changing the perception of the American public as regards to the negative stereotypes about African American men must be an all-inclusive approach that brings together media stakeholders and African Americans dedicated to reform. Changing negative perc eptions must take the form of positive portrayal of African Americans coupled by efforts to eradicate crime rates in African American neighbourhoods by African American men abandoning crime for legitimate means of etching a living. 5.6 Recommendations First, addressing police brutality goes beyond the issues of racial discrimination. Hence, police brutality is an issue that the law enforcement in the United States should make a complete overhaul in regards to training of officers on matters of handling suspects. As such, addressing the challenge that is police brutality will require drastic measures such as enforcing into law the requirement that police officers should have to wear body cams. In the wake of revelations presented in the form of cases of police brutality that were covered in this research report, witness video recordings of the unfolding events played a crucial role in revealing misconduct in the police services. In that respect, it is the recommendation of this report, that police body cams be introduced as part of legislation that governs the conduct of police officers while executing their mandate. Based on the revelations, police officers have the tendency of treating suspects with dignity when cameras are rolli ng. Hence, the use of body cams will have the implication of reducing the trend of police brutality in the United States. Secondly, the research findings also reveal that as much as police brutality against African Americans has taken a racist agenda, the rates of crime among African American populations exceed the rates of crimes say in Caucasian neighbourhoods. Hence, the mind-set of the public and especially African Americans should be moved from dependence on illegal means of survival to ensure that the people have alternative means of earning a living. Moreover, changing perceptions of African Americans as pertains to negative portrayals will also require that civil rights groups, government, legislature, and interested parties including the media work with communities where crime rates are high to assist people in shunning a life of crime and adopt positive transformation. In that respect, this research report recommends that African Americans must take an active role in using every media platform available to them to portray African Americans positively. References Alcindor, Y. (2012, June 12). Trayvons parents protest use of stand-your-ground.;USA TODAY. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/story/2012-06-12/stand-your-ground-law/55544756/1 Aldiabat, K., ; Navenec, C.-L. (2011). Philosophical Roots of Classical Grounded Theory: Its Foundations in Symbolic Interactionism.;The Qualitative Report, 16(1), 1063-80. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR16-4/aldiabat.pdf Alexander, M. (2010).;The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness.;New York: The New Press. Aljazera. (2016, July 18). US police officers killed in Baton Rouge shooting.;Aljazeera. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from aljazeera.com/news/2016/07/report-police-shot-baton-rouge-160717151137437.html Allan, G. (2003). A critique of using grounded theory as a research method.;Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 2(1), 1-10. Anderson, J. C., Feia, E., ; Ceulemans, P. (2011).;Skin Color and Perceptions of Ambiguous Aggression.;Menomonie, Wisconsin: Universoty of Wisconsin-Stout. Retrieved 8 2, 2016, from http://www2.uwstout.edu/content/rs/2011/SkinColor.pdf Arafa, M., ; Armstrong, C. (2015). Facebook to Mobilize, Twitter to Coordinate Protests, and YouTube to Tell the World: New Media, Cyberactivism, and the Arab Spring.;Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective, 10(1), 73-102. Retrieved 8 8, 2016, from http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1187;context=jgi Ayers, E. L. (1992).;The Promise of the New South.;New York: Oxford University Press. Bankoff, C., ; Fuller, J. (2015, April 13). Video: F*ck Your Breath, Says Cop to Man Who Has Just Been Fatally Shot.;Daily Intelligencer. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/04/fck-your-breath-says-cop-to-man-who-was-shot.html Barajas, J. (2015, May 1). Freddie Grays death ruled a homicide.PBS NewsHour. Retrieved 8 13, 2016, from pbs.org/newshour/rundown/freddie-grays-death-ruled-homicide/ BBC. (2014, November 25). Ferguson protests: What we know about Micahel Browns Last Minutes.;BBC US ; Canada. Retrieved 8 2, 2016, from bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-28841715 Bennett, W. L., ; Manheim, J. B. (2006). The One-Step Flow Communication.;The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 608(1), 213-232. doi:10.1177/0002716206292266 Botelho, G., ; Fantz, A. (2015, April 29). What we know, dont know about Freddie Grays death.;CNN. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/22/us/baltimore-freddie-gray-what-we-know/ British Broadcasting Corporation News. (2014, November 24). Tamir Rice: US police kill boy, 12, carrying replica gun.;BBC News. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-30172433 Brown, H., Guskin, E., ; Mitchell, A. (2012, Novermber 28). The Role of Social Media in the Arab Uprisings.;Arab-American Media. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from journalism.org/2012/11/28/role-social-media-arab-uprisings/ Brystrova, E. G., ; Gottschalk, P. (2015). Social Conflict Theory and White-Collar Criminals: Why does the Ruling class Punish their Own?;Pakistan Journal of Criminology, 7(1), 1-15. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/298089/GottschalkBystrova_2015_PJC.pdf?sequence=1 Campbell, C. (2015, April 9). Walter Scott, killed by S.C. officer, served in Coast Guard at Curtis Bay.;The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/baltimore-city/bs-md-walter-scott-coast-guard-20150409-story.html Campbell, N. (2003).;More Justice, More Peace: The Black Persons Guide to the Ameican Legal System.Illinois, Chicago: Chicago Review Press. Carroll, C. E., McCombs, M. (2003). Agenda-Setting Effects of Business News on the Publics Images and Opinions about Major Corporations.;Corporate Reputation Review, 6(1), 36-46. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Craig_Carroll/publication/200453124_Agenda-setting_Effects_of_Business_News_on_the_Publics_Images_and_Opinions_about_Major_Corporations/links/0fcfd4ff5ffeeb8288000000.pdf Cassidy, M. (2015, 1 5). Family of Rumain Brisbon wants his story told.AZ Central. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2015/01/05/rumain-brisbon-family-phoenix-police-shooting/21188709/ CBS. (2012, March 21). Million Hoodie March Held in Union Square in Memory of Slain Florida Teenager.CBS. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2012/03/21/march-to-be-held-in-union-square-in-memory-of-slain-florida-teenager/ CBS. (2014, August 15). Ferguson police say teen shot by cop was suspected in robbery; officers identity revealed.;CBS News. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from cbsnews.com/news/darren-wilson-ferguson-police-officer-who-fatally-shot-michael-brown-identified/ CBS Evening News. (2015, November 29). Tamir Rice Prosecutor Releases New Analysis of Surveillance Footage.;YouTube. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Am7gbrEHqAw Chappel, D. L. (2004).;A Stone of Hope: Prophetic Relision and the Death of Jim Crow.;Chapel Hill, North Carolina: The University of North Carolona Press. Choi, S. (2014). The Two-Step Flow of Communication in Twitter-Based Public Forums.;Social Science Computer Review. doi:0894439314556599 Christian, G. (2014, December 23).;Traditional vs. New Media: The Balancing Effect. Retrieved 8 9, 2016, from Media Buyer: www.absolutemg.com: absolutemg.com/2014/12/23/traditional-media-balancing-effect/ Clarke, R. (2014, November 27). Wilsons testimony changes little, though evidence questions some points.CNN. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/27/us/darren-wilson-testimony-compared/ Cole, S., Natalie, J. R. (2012).The Folly of Jim Crow: Rethinking the Segregated South .College Station, TX: Texas AM University Press. Comedy Central. (2014, December 4). The Daily Show The Eric Garner Grand Jury Decision. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ov4nrS_TqU0 Coser, L. A. (1957). Social Conflict and the Theory of Social Change.The British Journal of Sociology, 8(3), 197-207. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from jstor.org/stable/586859 Craven, J. (2016, July 7). Here is how many black people have been killed by police this year.Huffington Post. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from huffingtonpost.com/entry/black-people-killed-by-police-america_us_577da633e4b0c590f7e7fb17 Dahrendorf, R. (1958). Toward a Theory of Social Conflict.The Journal of Conflict Resoliution, 2(2), 170-178. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from jstor.org/stable/172974?origin=JSTOR-pdf Day, E. (2015, July 19). #BlackLivesMatter: The birth of a new civil rights movement.The Guardian. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/19/blacklivesmatter-birth-civil-rights-movement Delgado Benal, D. (2002). Critical Race Theory, Latino Critical Theory, and Critical Raced-Gendered Epistemologies: Recognizing Students of Color as Holders and Creators of Knowledge.Qualitative Inquiry, 105-126. DelicatelyDurable. (2016, February 12). CNN Special Report: Who Killed Freddie Gray? (2016). Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DnTzNIGFJg Dianis, J. B. (2014, 08 05). Eric Garner was killed by more than just a chokehold.MSNBC. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from msnbc.com/msnbc/what-killed-eric-garner Dixon, T. L. (2000).A Social Cognitive Approach to Studyig Racial Stereotyping in the Mass Media.Ann Abor, MI: The University of Michigan. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from rcgd.isr.umich.edu/prba/perspectives/winter2000/tdixon1.pdf Donald, H. M. (2008). Is the criminal-justice system racist?City Journal. Retrieved 8 8, 2016, from city-journal.org/html/criminal-justice-system-racist-13078.html Donaldson, L. (2015, August 12). When the media misrepresents black men, the effects are felt in the real world.The Guardian. Retrieved 8 8, 2016, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/aug/12/media-misrepresents-black-men-effects-felt-real-world Facebook. (2014, August).Michael Brown Shooting. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from Facebook: www.facebook.com Facebook. (2015). Eric Garner Killing.www.facebook.com. Retrieved 8 10, 2016 Facebook. (2015). Freddie Grays Death. Retrieved 8 14, 2016 Facebook. (2015). Tamir Rice Shooting.;Facebook. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from www.facebook.com Facebook. (2015). Walter Scott Shooting. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from www.facebook.com Faggiolani, C. (2011). Perceived Identity: applying Grounded Theory in Libraries.;JLIS.it, 2(1). doi:10.4403/jlis.it-4592 Fairhurst, G., ; Sarr, R. (1996).;The art of Framing.;San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Fantz, A., ; Yan, H. (2015, April 9). Dash cam video shows the moments before South Carolina police shooting.;CNN. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/09/us/south-carolina-police-shooting/ Feldman, G. (2004).;The Disfranchisement Myth: Poor Whites and Suggrage Restriction in Alabama.;Athens: University of Georgia Press. Ferrell, N. (2014, November 24). Tamir Rice shooting: Officers were not told gun could be fake or that suspect was juvenile.;abc5. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from newsnet5.com/news/local-news/cleveland-metro/tamir-rice-shooting-officers-were-not-told-the-gun-could-be-fake-or-that-suspect-was-juvenile Finkelman, P. (2009).;Encyclopedia of African American History.;Oxford: Oxford University Press. Fitzsimmons, E. G. (2014, November 23). 12-Year-Old Boy Dies After Police in Cleveland Shoot Him.;The New York Times. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from nytimes.com/2014/11/24/us/boy-12-dies-after-being-shot-by-cleveland-police-officer.html Flores, R., ; Shoichet, C. E. (2016, July 14). Philando Castile Shooting: What happened when filming stopped?;CNN. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/13/us/police-shootings-investigations/ FOX 5 DC. (2014, August 15). Surveillance Video: Police say Micahael Brown was suspect in Ferguson store robbery. YouTube. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkOfqIXkBRE FOX News. (2014, November 25). Gunshots, looting after grand jury in Ferguson case does not indict officer in Michael Brown shooting.;FOX News. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from foxnews.com/us/2014/11/25/ferguson-grand-jury-decision.html Fox, L. R. (2015, August 11). More Black Men Are Wearing Suits to Avoid Police Brutality, But Should They?;Madame Noire. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from http://madamenoire.com/578658/black-men-wear-suits/ Fox, R. L., ; Ramos, J. M. (2012).;iPolitics: Citizens, Elections, and Governing in the New Media Era.;Cambridge: Cambridge University press. Fredrickson, G. M. (2003).;Background Readings: The HIstorical Origins and Developement of Racism. Retrieved 8 9, 2016, from pbs: pbs.org/race/000_About/002_04-background-02-01.htm Freelon, D. (2016).;The Measure of a Movement: Quantifying Black Lives Matters Social Media Power.Washington DC: American University. Freelon, D., Mcilwain, C. D., Clark, M. D. (2016).Beyond the Hashtag .Washington DC: Center for Media and Social Impact. Furber, M., Perez-Pena, R. (2016, July 7). After Philando Castiles killing, Obama Calls Police Shootings an American Issue.;The New York Times. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from nytimes.com/2016/07/08/us/philando-castile-falcon-heights-shooting.html?_r=0 Goffman, E. (1974).;Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience.;New York: Harper ; Row. Goodman, J. D. (2014, August 3). Man Who Filmed Fatal Police Chokehold is Arrested on Weapons Charges.;The New York Times. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from nytimes.com/2014/08/04/nyregion/after-recording-eric-garner-chokehold-ramsey-orta-gets-charged-with-gun-possession.html?smid=pl-share;_r=0 Goroff, N. N. (2014). Conflict Theories and Social Work Education.;The Joiurnal of Sociology ; Social Welfare, 492-507. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from http://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1297;context=jssw Graham, D. A. (2015, April 22). The Mysterious Death of Freddie Gray.;The Atlantic. Retrieved 8 13, 2016, from theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/04/the-mysterious-death-of-freddie-gray/391119/ Graham, H. (1990).;The Civil Rights Era: Origings and Development of National Policy 1960-1972.;New York: McMillan. Hall, G., ; Bradley, T. (2016, July 6). Alton Sterling Shooting: Video of deadly encounter with officers sparks outrage.;WGNTV. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from http://wgntv.com/2016/07/06/alton-sterling-shooting-video-of-deadly-encounter-with-officers-sparks-outrage/ Hammond, R., ; Yung, B. (1993). Psychologys Role in the Public Health Response to Assaultive Violence Among Young African-American Men.American Psychologist, 48(2), 142-154. Retrieved 8 2, 2016, from http://gsappweb.rutgers.edu/cstudents/comps/GenComps/Gen3-6_hammond_psychologys.pdf Harris, C. (2002, June 1). Critical Race Studies: An Introduction.;UCLA Law Review, 49(1215ff). Hartney, C., ; Voung, L. (2009).;Created Equal: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the US Criminal Justice System.;New York: National Council on Crime and Deliquency. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from nccdglobal.org/sites/default/files/publication_pdf/created-equal.pdf Hasday, J. L. (2007).;The Civil Rights Act of 1964: An End to Racial Segregation.;New York: McMillan. Horsey, D. (2014, September 9). History of economic exploitation still hinders black Americans.;Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from latimes.com/opinion/topoftheticket/la-na-tt-history-hinders-black-americans-20140908-story.html Hurst, C. E. (2007).;Social Inequality: Forms, causes, and consequences;(6 ed.). Boston: Pearson Education. IGN. (2014, 12 5). Did the NYPD Let Erick Garner Die? Video Shows Police Ignored Pleas to Help Him After Chokehold.;Independent Global News. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from democracynow.org/2014/12/5/did_the_nypd_let_eric_garner Izadi, E., ; Holley, P. (2014, November 26). Video shows Cleveland officer shooting 12-year-old Tamir Rice within seconds.;The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/11/26/officials-release-video-names-in-fatal-police-shooting-of-12-year-old-cleveland-boy/?utm_term=.aa5b9fd9f230 Kahn, A., ; Kirk, C. (2015, August 9). What Its Like to Be Black in the Criminal Justice System.Slate. Retrieved 8 8, 2016, from slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/crime/2015/08/racial_disparities_in_the_criminal_justice_system_eight_charts_illustrating.html Karimi, F., Shoichet, C. E., Ellis, R. (2016, July 9). Dallas snipper attack: 5 officers killed, suspect identified.CNN. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/08/us/philando-castile-alton-sterling-protests/ Kitching, C. (2016, July 18). Color-Blind: Black Dallas police officer protects racist White Lives Matter protesters holding Confederate flags and signs reading ;Black Lives Kill.;Mail. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3695360/Black-police-officers-praised-risking-lives-protecting-racist-White-Lives-Matter-protest-Dallas.html Knafo, S. (2013, October 4). 1 In 3 Black Males Will Go To Prison In Their Lifetime, Report Warns.;Huffington Post. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/04/racial-disparities-criminal-justice_n_4045144.html Kopplin, Z., ; Miller, J. (2016, 7 7). New Video Emerges of Alton Steriling Being Killed by Baton Rogue Police.;The Daily Beast. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/07/06/new-video-shows-alton-sterling-was-not-holding-a-gun-when-baton-rogue-police-killed-him.html Kulaszwicz, K. E. (2015).;Racism and the Media: A Textual Analysis.;Soophia Stkate. Retrieved 8 8, 2016, from http://sophia.stkate.edu/msw_papers/477/ Levin, S., Jamieson, A., Glenza, J., Weaver, M., ; Phipps, C. (2016, July 9). Dallas police shooting: Micah Johson was lone shooter as it happened.;The Guardian. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/live/2016/jul/07/dallas-protest-police-shooting-live Limpkings, C. L. (2008).;American Pogrom: The East St. Louis Race Riot and Black Politics.;Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. Linderman, J. (2015, April 23). Rough Ride? Lawyer Says Fatally Injured Arrestee Lacked Belt.;abc News. Retrieved 8 13, 2016, from http://web.archive.org/web/20150506010954/http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/police-seatbelt-policy-freddie-gray-30534588?singlePage=true Lucas, S. E. (1989). Justifying America: The Declaration of Independence as a Rhetorical Document. In T. W. Benson,;American Rhetoric: Context and Criticism;(p. 85). Carbondale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press. Luke 10: 27. (2013, March 20). Segregatoin in the southern USA (Jim Crow Laws Period Photos). You Tube . Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-7eNRB2_0Q Mahapatra, L. (2014, March 19). Incarcerated in America: Why Are So Many People in US Prisons? (CHARTS).;International Business Times. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from ibtimes.com/incarcerated-america-why-are-so-many-people-us-prisons-charts-1562451 Maneri, M., ; Wal, J. t. (2005). The Criminalization of Ethnic Groups: An Issue for Media Analysis.;Forum Qualitative Sozialforshung/ Forum: Qualitative Social, 6(3). Margo, R. A. (1990).;Race and Schooling in the South, 1880-1950: An Economic History.;Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Marzulli, J., Parascandola, R., ; Tracy, T. (2014, August 7). NYPD No. 3s order to crack down on selling loose cigarets led to chokehold death of Eric Garner.New York Daily News. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/wife-man-filmed-chokehold-arrested-article-1.1893790#cAOs5mib4wBv4MOC.97 Massey, D. S., Denton, N. A. (1993).American Apartheid.Cambridge: Harvard University Press. McCarthy, T. (2014, November 26). Tamir Rice: Video shows boy, 12, shot seconds after police confronted child.The Guardian. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/nov/26/tamir-rice-video-shows-boy-shot-police-cleveland McCombs, M. (2002).The Agenda-Setting Role of the Mass Media in the Shaping of Public Opinion.Austin, Texas: Universtity of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from infoamerica.org/documentos_pdf/mccombs01.pdf McCombs, M. (2005). A look at agenda-setting: Past, present and future.Journalism Studies, 6(4), 543-557. doi:10.1080/14616700500250438. McCombs, M., Shaw, D. (1972). The agenda-setting function of mass media.Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176. doi:10.1086/267990. Murphy, D. (2015, April 2). Phoenix police officer wont face charges in 2014 shooting death of unarmed black man.;New York Daily News. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from nydailynews.com/news/national/phoenix-cops-won-face-charges-shooting-unarmed-man-article-1.2171514 NBC News. (2015, April 9). Walter Scott Shooting: Video Analysis/NBC News. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6UzGIxQ_Qg NYDN. (2014, December 13). Cleveland cop who killed 12-year-old Tamir Rice not told boys age, that gun might be fake: union.New York Daily News. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from nydailynews.com/news/national/12-year-old-tamir-rice-shot-cleveland-autopsy-article-1.2043229 NYT. (1908, February 23). Congress rejected by a majority of 140 to 59 a transport bill amendment propposed by James Thomas Heflin (Ala.) to introduce racially segregated streetcars to the capitals transport system.;New York Times. Okoronkwo, N. N. (2008). The Phenomena of Black youth crime and how Black youths are portrayed in the media in the United Kingdom: Whether the portrayal can be considered exagerated, or if the moral panic is in someway justified?;Internet Journal of Criminology, 1-41. PBS NewsHour. (2014, December 3). President Obama makes statemtn on Eric Garner grand jury decision. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6RgfWAsIuA P;rez-Pe;a, R. (2015, April 14). Lawyers square Off Tulsa as Reserve Deputy Surrenders in Unarmed Mans Death.The New York Times. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from nytimes.com/2015/04/15/us/tulsa-reserve-sheriffs-deputy-surrenders-in-shooting-of-eric-harris.html Perkiss, A. (2013, July 12).Abraham Lincoln as Constituional Radical: The 13th Amendment. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from Constitution Center: http://blog.constitutioncenter.org/2013/07/abraham-lincoln-as-constitutional-radical-the-13th-amendment/ Perlo, A. (2007). The Economic Cost of Discrimination Against African Americans.Conference of the African Equality Commission of the Communist Party.St. Louis, USA: Communist Party USA. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from cpusa.org/article/the-economic-cost-of-discrimination-against-african-americans/ Philiko vs the word. (2014, September 11). White Construction workers witness Mike Brown being shot with hands up. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yfbbt6DvHg Pierce, C. P. (2015, April 13). This Week in Law Enforcement.Esquire. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from esquire.com/news-politics/politics/news/a34321/this-is-all-very-strange-police-work/ PRC. (2010, May 23).How Blogs and Social Media Agendas Relate and Differ from the Traditional Press. Retrieved 8 9, 2016, from Pew Research Center: journalism.org/2010/05/23/new-media-old-media/ Quah, N., Davis, L. E. (2015, May 1).Heres A Timeline of Unarmed Black People Killed by Police Over Past Year. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from Buzz Feed: https://www.buzzfeed.com/nicholasquah/heres-a-timeline-of-unarmed-black-men-killed-by-police-over?utm_term=.vsq9oYbpD#.nyKXybjYo Quigley, B. (2011, May 25). Fourteen Examples of Racism in Criminal Justice System.;Huffington Post. Retrieved 8 8, 2016, from huffingtonpost.com/bill-quigley/fourteen-examples-of-raci_b_658947.html Ralph, N., Birks, M., ; Chapman, Y. (2015). The methodological dynamism of grounded theory.;International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 14(4), 1-6. doi:10.1177/1609406915611576. Rector, K. (2015, April 25). The 45-minute mystery of Freddie Grays death.The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 8 13, 2016, from baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/freddie-gray/bs-md-gray-ticker-20150425-story.html#page=1 Reublican Hopes Shattered; He Will Be Professor Harrison. Congressman Goodnight Very Sick. Louisianas Jim Crow Law Valid. Mr. Pickerings Condition Improved. (1982, December 21).;The New York Times. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E05EEDB1F31E033A25752C2A9649D94639ED7CF Robb, S. (2016, 7 18). Black police officeers praised for protecting #White Lives Matter protest.;Metro. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from http://metro.co.uk/2016/07/18/black-police-officers-praised-for-protecting-white-lives-matter-protest-6013573/ Robles, F. (2012, March 31). What is known, what isnt about Trayvon Martins death.;Miami Herald. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from https://web.archive.org/web/20130927021942/miamiherald.com/2012/03/31/2725442/what-is-known-what-isnt-about.html Robles, F., ; Blinder, A. (2015, April 11). astor Denounces Racism at Walter Scotts Funeral One Week After Police Shooting.The New York Times. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from nytimes.com/2015/04/12/us/walter-scott-funeral-police-shooting.html?smid=pl-share_r=0 Rooney, K. (2016, July 9). Dallas sniper suspect dead, likely acted alone, officials say; Five officers killed.CNBC. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from cnbc.com/2016/07/07/two-police-officers-shot-at-dallas-protest-rally-nbc-5-reports-amid-outrage-over-alton-sterling-philandro-castile-shootings.html Rssel, J. (2013). Conflict Theory.Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780199756384-0035 Salman, A., Ibrahim, F., Abdullah, M. Y., Mustaffa, N., Mahbob, M. H. (2011). The Impact of New Media on Traditional Mainstream Mass Media.The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, 16(3), 1-11. Retrieved 8 9, 2016, from innovation.cc/scholarly-style/ali_samman_new+media_impac116v3i7a.pdf Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framins as a Theory of Media Effects.Journal of Communication, 49(4), 103-22. Shapiro, R. Y., Jacobs, L. R. (2011).The American Handbook of Public Opinion and the Media.Oxford: Oxford University Press. Shoichet, C. E., Berlinger, J. (2016, July 7). Alton Sterling Shooting: Second Video of deadly encounter emerges.CNN. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/06/us/baton-rouge-shooting-alton-sterling/ Siddiqui, S. (2016, August 9).A Brief History of Racism in the United States. Retrieved 8 9, 2016, from Sound Vision: soundvision.com/article/a-brief-history-of-racism-in-the-united-states Silverstein, J. (2016, July 6). Who was Alton Sterling? What we know so far about the man killed by Baton Rogue police.New York Daily News. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from nydailynews.com/news/national/alton-sterling-article-1.2700893 Sitkoff, H. (2008).The Struggle for Black Equality.New York : McMillan . Smith, M., Capecchi, C., Furber, M. (2016, July 8). Peaceful Protests Follow Minnesota Governors Call for Calm.;The New York Times. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from nytimes.com/2016/07/09/us/philando-castile-jeronimo-yanez.html SocialCapital. (2011, January 26).;Twitter, Facebook, and YouTubes Role in Arab Spring (Middle East Uprisings). Retrieved 8 9, 2016, from socialcapital.wordpress.com: https://socialcapital.wordpress.com/2011/01/26/twitter-facebook-and-youtubes-role-in-tunisia-uprising/ Stansberry, K. (2012).One-step, two-step, or multi-step flow: the role of influenceers in information processing and dissermination in online, interest-based publics.Eugene Oregon: University of Oregon. StarTribune. (2016, July 7). What we know about Philando Castile.StarTribune. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from startribune.com/what-we-know-about-philando-castile/385853331/ Stephen, B. (2015, November 10). How Balck Lives Matter Uses Social Media to Fight Power.Wired. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from wired.com/2015/10/how-black-lives-matter-uses-social-media-to-fight-the-power/ Swaine, J., laugland, O., Lartey, J., McCarthy, C. (2015, December 31). Young Black Men Killed by US Police at Highest Rate in Year of 1, 134 Deaths.The Guardian. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/31/the-counted-police-killings-2015-young-black-men TBT. (2012, March 30). Trayvon Martin update: Story is now more covered than presidential race.Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from tampabay.com/blogs/media/content/trayvon-martin-update-story-now-more-covered-presidential-race The Guardian. (2014). I cant breathe: Eric Garner put in chokehold by NYPD officer Video.;The Guardian. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/video/2014/dec/04/i-cant-breathe-eric-garner-chokehold-death-video The Liberty Web. (2016, July 13). 5 Police Officers Shot Dead at Dallas Protests: How to Overcome Racism.;The Liberty Web: Insights into World Affairs. Retrieved 8 1, 2016, from http://eng.the-liberty.com/2016/6367/ Tittenbrun, J. (2013). Ralph Dahrendorfs Conflict Theory of Social Differntiaiton and Elite Theory.Innovative Issues and Approaches in Social Sciences, 6(3), 117-203. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from forschungsnetzwerk.at/downloadpub/IIASS-volume6-number3-article7.pdf Tocopino, J. (2014, November 25). Darren Wilson on why he shot Michael Brown.New York Post. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from http://nypost.com/2014/11/25/officer-darren-wilson-says-michael-brown-taunted-him/ Twitter. (2014). Michael Browns Shooting. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from www.twitter.com Twitter. (2015). Death of Freddie Gray. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from www.twitter.com Twitter. (2015). Eric Garner Killing. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from www.twitter.com Twitter. (2015). Tamir Rice Shooting.;Twitter. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from www.twitter.com Twitter. (2015). Walter Scott Shooting. Retrieved 8 11, 2016, from www.twitter.com Tyson, T. B., ; Williams, R. F. (1998). Black Power and the Roots of the African American Freedom Struggle.;Journal of American History, 85(2), 540-570. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from http://history.msu.edu/files/2010/04/Timothy-Tyson.pdf UoSD. (2013).;Comparison of Traditional and New Media. Retrieved 8 9, 2016, from University of San Diego: http://sites.sandiego.edu/wl_reader/toc/2013-reader/chapter-2-the-relevance-of-traditional-media/comparison-of-traditional-and-new-media/ Walgrave, S., ; Van Aelst, P. (2006). The contigency of the mass medias political agenda setting power: Toward a preliminaty theory.Journal of Communication, 56(1), 88-109. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00005.x Wasser, M. (2015, October 13). The Grave of Rumain Brisbon, an Unarmed Black Man Shot by Phoenix POlice Last Year, Still Has No Headstone.Phoenix New Times. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from phoenixnewtimes.com/news/the-grave-of-rumain-brisbon-an-unarmed-black-man-shot-by-phoenix-police-last-year-still-has-no-headstone-7740957 Watson, B. F. (2013). Towards a Grounded Dramaturgy: Using Grounded Theory to Interrogate Performance Practices in THeatre for Early Years.Youth Theatre Journal, 27(2), 130-138. doi:10.1080/08929092.2013.837706 Wilkes, R., Iceland, J. (2004). Hypersegregation in the Twenty First Century.Demography: Population Association of America, 41(1), 23-261. doi:10.1353%2Fdem.2004.0009 Williams, D. R., Collins, C. (2001). Racial Residential Segregation: A Fundamental Cause of Racial Disparities in Health.Public Heath Reports, 116(5), 404-416. Retrieved 8 8, 2016, from publichealthreports.org/archives/issueopen.cfm?articleID=1121 Woodward, V. (1974).The Strange Career of Jim Crow.New York: McMillan . Wormser, R. (2012, May 12). The Enforcement Acts (1870-71).PBS Jim Crow Stories. Retrieved 8 10, 2016, from pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_enforce.html Yan, H., Berlinger, J. (2016, July 13). Baton Rouge officer: Alton Sterling reached for a gun before he was shot.CNN. Retrieved 8 14, 2016, from http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/12/us/police-shootings-investigations/ Yi, D. (2015, 8 8).Black armor: Some black American men are dressing up to deflect negative attention, as a concious means of survival. Retrieved 8 4, 2016, from Marshable: http://mashable.com/2015/08/08/black-men-dressing-up-police/#KaqXbjGnZkql Yosso, T. J. (2005). Whose culture has Capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth.Race Ethnicity and Education, 8(1), 69-91. doi:10.1080/1361332052000341006.